由电路图可知,R1、R2、R3串联,电压表V1测R1和R2两端的电压之和,V2测R2和R3两端的电压之和,
∵串联电路中各处的电流相等,且串联电路中总电阻等于各分电阻之和,
∴根据欧姆定律可得:
=UV1 UV2
=I(R1+R2) I(R2+R3)
=
R1+R2
R2+R3
,2 1
即R2+2R3=R1----------①
当电阻R2、R3交换位置后,R1、R2、R3仍串联,电压表V1测R1和R3两端的电压之和,V2测R2和R3两端的电压之和,
则
=
UV1′
UV2′
=I(R1+R3) I(R2+R3)
=
R1+R3
R2+R3
,2 1
即R3+2R2=R1----------②
由①②可得:R2=R3,
则R1=R3+2R2=R3+2R2=3R3,
此时电路中的电流:
I=
=U
R1+R2+R3
=U
R1+
R1+1 3
R1
1 3
,3U 5R1
电阻R1消耗的功率:
P1=I2R1=(
)2R1=3U 5R1
;9U2
25R1
用电流表A1替换电压表V1,用电流表A2替换电压表V2,三电阻并联,
∵并联电路中各支路两端的电压相等,
∴电路消耗的总功率:
P=
+U2 R1
+U2 R2
=U2 R3
+U2 R1
+U2
R1
1 3
=U2
R1
1 3
,7U2 R1
∴P1:P=
:9U2
25R1
=9:175.7U2 R1
故选A.