解答:解:由电路图可知,当开关S1闭合,S2、S3断开时,两电阻串联,等效电路图如右下图所示,电路电流:I= U R1+R2 =0.5A------①;由电路图可知,当开关S1断开,S2、S3闭合时,两电阻串联,等效电路图如右上图所示,电路电流:I′= U R1 + U R2 =2.25A-------②;由①②解得:R1=4Ω,R2=8Ω,或R1=8Ω,R2=4Ω,答:R1和R2的阻值为:R1=4Ω,R2=8Ω,或R1=8Ω,R2=4Ω.